Passive Voice, Causative Have

Passive Form

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.

[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]

Examples:

• The students (subject recieving action) are taught (passive verb) by the professor.(doing action)
• The dishes (subject recieving action) are washed (passive verb) by john. (doing action)

Simple Present : Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

Simple Past : The car was repaired by Sam.

Simple Future (will) : The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.

Simple Future (be going to) : A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.

Present Continuous : Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

Present Perfect : That castle has been visited by many tourists.

Present Perfect Continuous : Recently, the work has been being done by John.

Past Perfect : Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic’s license.

Past Perfect Continuous : The restaurant’s fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.

Causative Verbs

The English verbs let, make, have, get, and help are called causative verbs because they cause something else to happen.

Here are some specific examples of how causative verbs work in English sentences.

LET , permit something to happen

Grammatical structure:

• LET + PERSON/THING + VERB (base form)

Examples:

• I don’t let my kids watch violent movies.
• Mary’s father won’t let her adopt a puppy because he’s allergic to dogs.
• Our boss doesn’t let us eat lunch at our desks; we have to eat in the cafeteria.
• Oops! I wasn’t paying attention while cooking, and I let the food
• Don’t let the advertising expenses surpass $1000.

Remember: The past tense of let is also let; there is no change!

Note: The verbs allow and permit are more formal ways to say “let.” However, with allow and permit, we use to + verb:

• I don’t allow my kids to watch violent movies.
• Our boss doesn’t permit us to eat lunch at our desks.

MAKE , force or require someone to take an action

Grammatical structure:

• MAKE + PERSON + VERB (base form)

Examples:

• After Billy broke the neighbor’s window, his parents made him pay for it.
• My ex-boyfriend loved sci-fi and made me watch every episode of his favorite show.
• The teacher made all the students rewrite their papers, because the first drafts were not acceptable.

Note: When using the verbs force and require, we must use to + verb.

• The school requires the students to wear 
  “Require” often implies that there is a rule.
• The hijacker forced the pilots to take the plane in a different direction.
  “Force” often implies violence, threats, or extremely strong pressure

HAVE,  give someone else the responsibility to do something

Grammatical structure:

• HAVE + PERSON + VERB (base form)
• HAVE + THING + PAST PARTICIPLE OF VERB

Examples of grammatical structure #1:

• I’ll have my assistant call you to reschedule the appointment.
• The businessman had his secretary make copies of the report.

Examples of grammatical structure #2:

• I’m going to have my hair cut 
• We’re having our house painted this weekend.
• Bob had his teeth whitened; his smile looks great!
• My washing machine is broken; I need to have it

Note: In informal speech, we often use get in these cases:

• I’m going to get my hair cut 
• We’re getting our house painted this weekend.
• Bob got his teeth whitened; his smile looks great!
• My washing machine is broken; I need to get it

GET,  convince/encourage someone to do something

Grammatical structure:

• GET + PERSON + TO + VERB

Examples:

• How can we get all the employees to arrive on time?
• My husband hates housework; I can never get him to wash the dishes!
• I was nervous about eating sushi, but my brother got me to try it at a Japanese restaurant.
• The non-profit got a professional photographer to take photos at the event for free.

HELP, assist someone in doing something

Grammatical structure:

• HELP + PERSON + VERB (base form)
• HELP + PERSON + TO + VERB

After “help,” you can use “to” or not – both ways are correct. In general, the form without “to” is more common:

• He helped me carry the boxes.
• He helped me to carry the boxes.
• Reading before bed helps me
• Reading before bed helps me to relax.

SOURCE

http://www.espressoenglish.net/causative-verbs-in-english-let-make-have-get-help/

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html

https://zehanwidiastuti.wordpress.com/2015/05/31/passive-voice-causative-have/

Connectors

‘Connectors’ are used to link large groups of words: phrases and sentences. You can also use them to connect paragraphs to give them coherence. Sentence connectors are usually placed at the beginning of a sentence and may be categorized as follows :

Source : 

https://www.myenglishteacher.eu/blog/list-of-sentence-connectors-in-english/

http://www.glasshead.co.uk/fotutumas

Adjectives & Adverbs

An adjective is a word or set of words that modifies (i.e., describes) a noun or pronoun. Adjectives may come before the word they modify.

Examples:

That is a cute puppy.
She likes a high school senior.

Adjectives may also follow the word they modify:

Examples:

That puppy looks cute.
The technology is state-of-the-art.

An adverb is a word or set of words that modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Adverbs answer how, when, where, why, or to what extent—how often or how much (e.g., daily, completely).

Examples:

He speaks slowly (tells how)

He speaks very slowly (the adverb very tells how slowly)

She arrived today (tells when)

She will arrive in an hour (this adverb phrase tells when)

Let's go outside (tells where)

We looked in the basement (this adverb phrase tells where)

Bernie left to avoid trouble (this adverb phrase tells why)

Jorge works out strenuously (tells to what extent)

Jorge works out whenever possible (this adverb phrase tells to what extent)

Source : https://www.grammarbook.com/grammar/adjAdv.asp

PRONOUNS

Pronouns atau yang biasa disebut dengan "kata ganti" adalah kata-kata yang biasa digunakan untuk mengantikan kata orang atau benda. Sehingga pada saat penulisan kalimat yang jika dalam satu kalimat terdapat banyak sekali pengulangan kata, kita bisa menggantinya dengan kata ganti yang lain sesuai dengan kata tersebut.

 Ada 5 jenis kata ganti orang, yaitu yang berfungsi sebagai subject (Subject Pronouns), sebagai object (object pronoun), sebagai adjective (possessive adjectives), untuk menyatakan kepunyaan (possessive pronouns), dan untuk menyatakan refleksi diri (reflexive atau reciprocal pronouns).

 Tapi sebelum itu, untuk memudahkan kita belajar pronouns kita bisa lihat kata ganti apa saja yang akan dipakai sesuai fungsinya masing-masing.

Subject Pronoun	Object Pronoun
I	Me
You (Singular)	You
You (Pulral)	You
We	Us
They	Them
He	Him
She	Her
It	It

A.      Penggunaan subject pronoun.

Subject pronoun adalah kata ganti yang berfungsi sebagai subject.

• I, you, we, they, he, dan she digunakan untuk mengganti orang. Selain itu, “they ” juga digunakan untuk menggantikan plural nouns. He dan she juga dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan hewan, khususnya hewan peliharaan. Dan khusus untuk “she ‘ juga dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan kapal laut.
• ”It ” untuk menggantikan benda mati dan tumbuhan tunggal.
• He, she dan it adalah singular subject (orang ketiga tunggal) yang selalu diikuti oleh singular verb.

Penggunaan subject pronoun ada 4, yaitu:

a.    Pada umumnya subject pronoun diletakkan di awal kalimat (sebelum verb).

1.       I love you.

2.       He is my brother.

3.        She likes writing a poem. (Dia suka menulis puisi).

4.       Two cars were reported stolen last night. They haven’t been found yet. (Dua mobil dilaporkan dicuri tadi malam. Mereka (kedua mobil itu) belum ditemukan).

5.       You have to buy a good English dictionary. (Kamu harus membeli sebuah kamus bahasa Inggris yang baik).

6.       We planted a rose plant last month. It is growing well now. (Kami menanam sebuah tanaman mawar sebulan yang lalu. Dia (tanaman mawar itu) sedang tumbuh dengan baik sekarang).

b.      (it/that/this/these/those/there) + (to be) + subject pronoun

Dalam pola-pola seperti ini, it, that, this, these, those dan there hanya berfungsi sebagai pseudo-subject (subject semu). Subject yang sebenarnya adalah nouns setelah to be. Olehnya itu, pronoun yang tepat digunakan setelah to be adalah subject pronoun.

1.    It was I who broke the mirror. (Adalah saya (sayalah) yang memecahkan cermin itu).

2.    There is he here now. You should come here quickly if you want to        meet him. (Ada dia di sini sekarang. Kamu harus datang ke sini dengan cepat jika kamu ingin bertemu dia).

3.    This is I. I am just an ordinary person. (Inilah saya. Saya hanyalah seorang manusia biasa).

c.        Setelah expression as… as dalam kalimat equal comparison.

1.       He is as smart as she. (Dia (cowok) sama pintarnya dengan dia (cewek).

2.       Maria has the same preference as they. (Maria punya kesukaan yang sama dengan mereka).

d.       Setelah than dalam kalimat unequal comparison.

1.       I am smarter than he. (Saya lebih pintar dari dia).

2.       They study harder than she. (Mereka belajar lebih giat dari dia).

e.      Setelah different from.

1.       We are different from they. (Kita beda dengan mereka).

2.        Although they are twins, she is different from he. (Walaupun mereka kembar, dia (cewek) beda dengan dia).

Note: In speaking (informal occasion), pronoun pada kalimat-kalimat di poin b – d lebih sering dinyatakan dengan object pronoun, menjadi:

1.       It was me who broke the mirror.

2.       He is as smart as her.

3.        I am smarter than him.

4.       We are different from them. dan seterusnya.

Walaupun lebih sering digunakan secara informal, penggunaan object pronoun ini (poin b-d) dianggap gramatically incorrect. Jadi, jika anda ikut ujian TOEFL atau test lainnya selalu pilihsubject pronoun, bukan object pronoun.

B.   Penggunaan object pronoun

Object pronoun adalah kata ganti yang berfungsi sebagai object dan diletakkan setelah verb.

Contoh:

1.    Yeyes gave me a piece of cake (Yeyes memberi saya sepotong kue)

2.     Yeyes gave you a piece of cake, too. (Yeyes memberi kamu sepotong kue juga)

3.    Yeyes did not give him a piece of cake. (Yeyes tidak memberi dia sepotong kue).

4.    I like her. (Saya suka dia).

5.    Do you like your new bicycle? Yes, I like it very much. (Apakah kamu suka sepeda barumu? Ya, saya menyukainya dengan sangat)

6.    Koko helped us clean the house. (Koko membantu kami membersihkan rumah).

7.    Yeyes taught him to do his homework. (Yeyes mengajarinya mengerjakan PR).

8.    Didit saw us on the football field. (Didit melihat kita di lapangan sepakbola)

9.    She hates me because I am very, very naughty. (Dia membenciku karena saya sangat,sangat jahil).

Source : http://sekolahmandiri.blogspot.com/2012/06/perubahan-subject-pronoun-menjadi.html

Subject, Verb, Complenet and Modifier

A. Subject

A Subject is an agent of a sentence. Generally it's a person that do the action (Verb).

Example : My sister eaten a plate of Nasi Goreng yesterday.

My sister pada kalimat di atas berperan sebagai subject yang melakukan aksi (Verb).

B. Verb

A Verb is also called A predicate. Verb merupakan aksi yang di lakukan oleh subject pada suatu kalimat.

Example : I walk arround the park.

Pada kalimat di atas,walk merupakan aksi yang di lakukan si subject (I).

C. Complement

Complement completes the verb. (Complement melengkapi kata kerja). It,s commonly as noun or noun phrase. Tetapi prepositional (On a table) Phrase tidak termasuk Complement.

Pada penggunaan di kalimat, complement menjawab pertanyaan What & Who.

Example :

I Tell my mother. (Who somebody that you tell? "my Mother").

I buy a dessert to my friend. (What do you buy? "A dessert").

D. Modifier

Modifier tells the time, place, manner in a sentence. It's also called "Adverb". In a sentence, Modifier stated by question word (Where, When).

Example : l bought a new pans in the store. (Where did you buy the new pans? "in The Store").

I slept when you were coming last night. (When were you coming? "last Night").

source : https://maxinroe.blogspot.com/2017/10/pengertian-subject-verb-complement-dan.html

Cover Letter

Depok, May 5th 2019

Attention To : Human Resources Department

SM Entertainment Indonesia

FX Sudirman, Jl. Jend. Sudirman No.1/3, RT.1/RW.3, Gelora, Central Jakarta City, Jakarta 10270

Dear Sir / Madam

I have read from your job vacancy advertisement at SM Entertainment Website and i found that your company is looking for employees for “Mobile Apps Developer” position. I believe the job is fit with my educational background and thus i found myself qualified for the job.

My name is Shafira Maulina. I am twenty one years old and i am fresh graduate from Information System Department of Gunadarma University Depot on September this year. I have the qualifications that you want for the job. I can work both in a team and by myself, and i eager to learn.

Beside the basic knowledge i have from my educational background, i also have a good compare skill such as microsoft office and java and i can communicate in English and a little bit of Korea both spoken and written.

With all the qualifications i mentioned above, i am confident that i can contribute effectively to your company. here with this letter i enclose my :

1. Copy if Bachelor Degree (S-1) Certificate and Academic Transcript.
2. Curriculum Vitae.
3. Recent photograph with size of 4x6

I appreciate your attention and i hope i can join your company soon and be the part of it.

Sincerely,

Shafira Maulina

Resume

Personal Description

Hallo everyone this is  my personal description ,oh by the way  how’s your day? my name is Shafira Maulina but my friends call me Fira or Pia and now I'm going to tell you a little bit of myself.I was born at 17^th June 1997 and I have one little sister ( 3 years younger than me). I’m currently studying at Gunadarma University majoring Information System.

 As you know now I'm 21 years old but I still love to buy toys, a lot of people say “Are you kidding? You are 21,you are in collage why are you buy such a useless things like that?” but that’s not my problem, what’s a matter? That is my happiness.

Oh! I like to buy an album too even though it’s not that much, what album? Yap I'm a fan of Kpop since last 10 years, I really into them.The first time I saw it and it was so cool then became curious.

For the last 6 years I love a boyband named EXO or (their fans named) EXO-L and my bias from the first time they introduced EXO until now (and forever) is D.O. , he has a great voice,great acting,great attitude and loves cooking maybe that’s why I love him that much. I watched their 1^st concert “The Lost Planet” in 2014 with my bestfriend and It was an experience that I never ever forget in my entire life, even now I still can’t believe that I met them.

And that’s how I learned about Korean culture and language from their songs, drama and variety show, I learn how to write and read. Now I can read Hangul (Korean Language) but to write still a long way to go. I also love to sing their songs too, doing some cover and upload it on soundcloud or youtube (just for fun).

Alright maybe this is my personal description that I could share with you, hope that you all can know me a little bit  more. See you later and have a great day.